Modern Insights Into the Epidemiology of Periodontal Diseases Linked to Groundwater Consumption
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18835506Ключевые слова:
periodontal pathology, epidemiology, gingivitis, periodontitis, prevalenceАннотация
Periodontal diseases and dental caries remain the primary infectious challenges in oral health, accounting for
the majority of global tooth loss. While gingival inflammation represents a common physiological response to commensal
oral microbiota, progression to chronic infection involves a complex interplay of pathogens such as P. gingivalis and F.
nucleatum. Periodontal conditions exist along a disease continuum, beginning with reversible gingivitis and potentially
advancing to periodontitis, which is characterized by irreversible destruction of the alveolar bone and connective tissue.
This review synthesizes global prevalence data and evaluates the impact of environmental and sociodemographic risk
factors, with particular emphasis on the challenges faced by countries with varying levels of economic development.
Understanding these epidemiological patterns is essential for the strategic allocation of healthcare resources and the
development of effective prevention protocols
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