Biologiya ta’limida o‘quvchilarning bilim va kompetensiyalarini baholashni pedagogik kvalimetriya va zamonaviy psixometrik yondashuvlar asosida takomillashtirish
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22099901Ключевые слова:
biologiya ta’limi, pedagogik baholash, pedagogik kvalimetriya, testologiya, psixometriya, klassik test nazariyasi, Item Response Theory (IRT), Rasch modeli, biologik kompetensiya, validlik, ishonchlilik, test topshirig‘i.Аннотация
Mazkur maqolada biologiya ta’limida o‘quvchilarning bilim, amaliy ko‘nikma va kompetensiyalarini baholash
tizimini takomillashtirishning nazariy va metodologik asoslari tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotning maqsadi biologiya fanining mazmuniy
va kognitiv xususiyatlarini hisobga olgan holda pedagogik kvalimetriya, klassik test nazariyasi hamda zamonaviy
psixometrik yondashuvlarni, xususan, Rasch modelini integratsiyalashgan baholash tizimida uyg‘unlashtirishdan iborat.
Tadqiqotda ilmiy-metodik adabiyotlarni o‘rganish, qiyosiy va testologik tahlil hamda psixometrik yondashuvlardan foydalanilgan.
Tahlil natijalari biologiya fanidan baholash amaliyotida topshiriqlarning mazmuniy reprezentativligi, kognitiv murakkabligi,
diskriminatsion xususiyatlari, distraktorlarning samaradorligi hamda o‘lchash natijalarini interpretatsiya qilish bilan
bog‘liq muammolar mavjudligini ko‘rsatgan.
Maqolada biologik kompetensiyalarni diagnostika qilishga yo‘naltirilgan ko‘p bosqichli kvalimetrik-psixometrik baholash
modeli taklif etilgan. Mazkur model baholash konstruktini aniqlash, test spetsifikatsiyasini ishlab chiqish, Bloom
taksonomiyasi asosida topshiriqlarni loyihalash, ekspert baholash, pilot sinovni o‘tkazish, klassik test nazariyasi asosida
dastlabki tahlil, Rasch modeli yordamida psixometrik kalibrlash hamda natijalarni diagnostik interpretatsiya qilish
bosqichlarini qamrab oladi. Taklif etilgan yondashuv biologiya fanidan baholashni faqat to‘g‘ri javoblar sonini aniqlash
vositasi sifatida emas, balki o‘quvchilarning biologik kompetensiyalarini valid va ishonchli diagnostika qilish tizimi sifatida
rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi.
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